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The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
Advice

Nestboxes for small birds

  • Making a nestbox
  • Siting a nestbox
  • Cleaning nestboxes
  • Conflicts
  • Curious behaviour at boxes

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Home > Advice > Helping birds > Nestboxes > Nestboxes for small birds > Cleaning nestboxes

Cleaning nestboxes

Female great tit
Female great tits lay up to 11 eggs - the nest becomes a very cramped, dirty place

The nests of most birds harbour fleas and other parasites, which remain to infest young birds that hatch the following year. We recommend that old nests be removed in the autumn, from August onwards once the birds have stopped using the box.

Use boiling water to kill any remaining parasites, and let the box dry out thoroughly before replacing the lid. Insecticides and flea powders must not be used.

If there are unhatched eggs in the box, these may be removed legally only between August and January, and must be disposed of.

If you place a small handful of clean hay or wood shavings (not straw) in the box once it is thoroughly dry after cleaning, it may be used during the winter by small mammals to hibernate or by birds to roost.

It is quite normal for a few eggs to fail to hatch, or for some young to die. Blue and great tits lay up to 14 eggs to allow for such losses. Cold weather and food shortage may lead to nest desertion, or to only the strongest young surviving. The death of one parent or interference from animals or humans may also cause desertion.

Nestboxes in use should not be inspected. Simply watch and enjoy from a distance. If you want to see the chicks as they grow, consider installing a nestbox camera.

Last modified: 23 August 2006

Siting a nestboxConflicts

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© 2008 The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds. Charity registered in England and Wales no 207076, in Scotland no SC037654
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Last published: 07/06/2007 17:45:26
Show/hide picture credits
Female great tit - Nigel Blake
Flower borders in front of RSPB The Lodge reserve, Bedfordshire - Andy Hay (rspb-images.com, Ref: 1999_0503_009 )
Family Birdwatching through living room window - Andy Hay (rspb-images.com)
Nestbox on tree, RSPB Wood of Cree reserve - Andy Hay (rspb-images.com, Ref: D_2006_11968_0009 )