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Conservation status: Amber

Slightly larger than a black-headed gull, with an all-black head in the breeding season. Adults have white wing-tips and underwings, younger birds have more wing markings. It has a large, slightly drooped beak, bright red when adult. A very rare UK bird until the 1950s, it is widespread in winter and breeding in ever increasing numbers. Its present UK breeding population makes it an Amber List species.

Overview

Latin name

Larus melanocephalus

Family

Gulls (Laridae)

Where to see them

Mainly found along the east and south coasts of England. Most of the breeding population nest within black-headed gull colonies at coastal wetlands. More widespread in winter with some beaches in Norfolk and Kent attracting more than a hundred Mediterranean gulls. Also found inland in small numbers wherever black-headed and common Gulls gather (especially in roosts on reservoirs).

When to see them

All year round.

What they eat

Insects, fish, offal and carrion.

Population

EuropeUK breeding*UK wintering*UK passage*
-110 pairs1,800 birds-

Distribution

Key

Illustrations

Audio

Lars Krogh, Xeno-canto

Characteristics

Mediterranean gull (breeding)

Mediterranean gull - adult in breeding plumage
  • Size: between pigeon-mallard
  • Feather colours: brown, black, white, grey
  • Beak colours: black/dark grey, red/pink
  • Beak length: medium
  • Beak thickness: medium
  • Leg colour: brown, red
  • Behaviour: part of flock, on ground, bird walks/runs on the ground

Mediterranean gull (adult winter)

Mediterranean gull - winter
  • Size: between pigeon-mallard
  • Feather colours: black, white, grey
  • Beak colours: black/dark grey, brown/buff, red/pink
  • Beak length: medium
  • Beak thickness: medium
  • Leg colour: brown, red
  • Behaviour: part of flock, on ground, bird walks/runs on the ground

Mediterranean gull (first-winter)

Mediterranean gull - first-winter
  • Size: between pigeon-mallard
  • Feather colours: brown, black, white, grey
  • Beak colours: black/dark grey, brown/buff, red/pink
  • Beak length: medium
  • Beak thickness: medium
  • Leg colour: brown, red
  • Behaviour: part of flock, on ground, bird walks/runs on the ground