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Conservation status: Red

Males are unmistakeable with a bright yellow head and underparts, brown back streaked with black, and chestnut rump. In flight it shows white outer tail feathers. Often seen perched on top of a hedge or bush, singing. Its recent population decline make it a Red List species.

Overview

Latin name

Emberiza citrinella

Family

Buntings (Emberizidae)

Where to see them

Found across the UK but are least abundant in the north and west, and absent from some upland areas, such as the Pennines and Highlands of Scotland, as well as some lowland areas, such as the Inner Hebrides and the Orkneys. Look in open countryside with bushes and hedgerows.

When to see them

All year round

What they eat

Seeds and insects

Population

EuropeUK breeding*UK wintering*UK passage*
-792,000 territories--

Distribution

Key

Illustrations

Audio

Patrik Aberg, Xeno-canto

Characteristics

Yellowhammer

Yellowhammer - female
  • Colouring: Female
  • Size: between robin-blackbird
  • Feather colours: brown, black, orange, cream/buff, yellow
  • Beak colours: black/dark grey, brown/buff
  • Beak length: short
  • Beak thickness: short
  • Leg colour: brown, pink/flesh
  • Behaviour: part of flock, on ground, wagging or flicking tail, bird hops on the ground

Yellowhammer

Yellowhammer - male
  • Colouring: Male
  • Size: between robin-blackbird
  • Feather colours: brown, black, orange, cream/buff, yellow
  • Beak colours: black/dark grey, brown/buff
  • Beak length: short
  • Beak thickness: short
  • Leg colour: brown, pink/flesh
  • Behaviour: part of flock, on ground, wagging or flicking tail, bird hops on the ground